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The insects most commonly associated with triggering severe allergic reactions belong to the Hymenoptera order. Members include bees Peyton Manning Jersey , wasps, yellow jackets, hornets, and ants, including the fire ant, an increasingly common, harmful pest that is spreading throughout the United States, where it is now the leading cause of insect stings.
Although you can take steps to avoid insect stings Tom Jackson Jersey , you should also know what to do if someone is stung.
A Growing Threat
It is believed that fire ants entered the United States via steamships bringing agricultural products from South America to Mobile, Alabama, in the 1930s. Once in the United States, northern frosts and western deserts proved effective barriers to widespread fire ant migration for many years. However, recent warm, wet weather conditions, including the El Nio weather system of 1998, seem to have helped the ants advance north and west. They now live in more than 260 million acres and pose a serious health risk to humans Terrell Davis Jersey , wildlife, and domesticated animals.1
Reactions to fire ant stings range from localized skin itching and swelling with pussy formations, to severe, life-threatening anaphylaxis.
Hymenoptera Members7
Fire Ants
Appearance: Usually 14" long; bright reddish-brown in color, can be dark brown to black
Nest: Mounds up to 18" high, 3' wide above ground, with underground tunnels
Range: As far north as Nevada in the West and Washington, DC Steve Atwater Jersey , in the East
Behavior: Very aggressive territorial behaviors; attack in swarms with little warning or provocation
Stings: Can sting up to 7 or 8 times; causes burning, itching, pustules
Honey Bees
Appearance: 12" long; rounded, hairy, dark brown body with bright yellow markings
Nest: Hives in beekeepers' boxes, bushes, trees, building niches
Range: Worldwide
Behavior: Not terribly aggressive; sting only when challenged directly
Stings: Can sting only once John Elway Jersey , then lose stinger and die
Africanized Honey Bees
Appearance: 12" long; rounded, hairy, dark brown body with bright yellow markings like the honeybee
Nest: Honeybee hives, or any partially protected site (e.g., old farm machinery, fences, house exteriors)
Range: Spreading from the Southwest to more populated areas
Behavior: Very aggressive, temperamental Chris Harris Jr Broncos Jersey , easily provoked and fiercely protective of territories up to a half-mile radius
Stings: Can sting only once, like the honeybee, but attack in swarms
Yellow Jackets
Appearance: 12- to 34" long; black with yellow markings
Nest: Papery nests in the ground or in wall crevices
Range: Worldwide
Behavior: Versatile and persistent pests. Not as easily provoked as fire ants or killer bees, but highly aggressiveparticularly as weather cools in the late summer or early fall
Stings: Can use stinger more than once
Hornets
Appearance: Up to 1" long; black or brown with hints of yellow, white or orange
Nest: Brown or gray football-shaped hives of a papery substance high above ground level
Range: Throughout North America
Behavior: Extremely protective of their nest; more aggressive than honeybees but not as feisty as the fire ant or killer bee
Stings: May sting repeatedly without losing stinger
Wasps
Appearance: Elongated bodies up to 1" long; black, brown or red with yellow markings
Nest: Exteriors of buildings, woodpiles and shrubs
Range: Throughout North America
Behavior: Aggressive, but not as easily provoked as fire ants or killer bees
Stings: Can sting more than once
* All insect coloring and size is highly variable Aqib Talib Broncos Jersey , and one cannot rely upon visual identification for testing and treatment.
Avoiding Stings
The best way to avoid stings is to minimize contact with stinging insects. Simple steps that people can take to avoid attracting and provoking stinging insects when outdoors include:
Refraining from wearing brightly colored clothing or sweet-smelling cosmetics
Keeping food and garbage covered
Wearing shoes to guard against stepping on insects
Keeping arms and legs covered during activities (such as gardening, hiking) that may expose you to stinging insects
Refraining from swatting or crushing insects
Steering clear of areas where insects have nested
Stinging insects attack when their nests are in jeopardy; people who find nests, hives, or fire ant mounds on their property may wish to consult a professional pest control expert to determine whether eradication of the nest or insects themselves is appropriate.
What to Do if Someone Is Stung
When someone is stung you should:
Remove any stingers
Check for signs of an allergic reaction
Treat allergic reactions immediately
Remove any stingers
Stingers left behind by bees should be removed immediately to minimize the amount of insect venom the sting delivers. It is important to remove the stinger in a sweeping motionas with the edge of a credit cardinstead of using tweezers to pull it out. A sweeping motion is less likely to break the stinger or push remaining venom from the stinger into the sting site (which can happen if you squeeze the stinger or try to pull it out).
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